Adadin kwarara shine siga sarrafa tsari da aka saba amfani dashi a cikin ayyukan samar da masana'antu.A halin yanzu, akwai kusan sama da mitoci 100 na kwarara daban-daban akan kasuwa.Ta yaya masu amfani za su zaɓi samfuran tare da babban aiki da farashi?A yau, za mu dauki kowa da kowa don fahimtar halayen aikin mita masu gudana.
Kwatanta Mitar Guda Daban-daban
Nau'in matsa lamba daban-daban
Fasahar auna matsi daban-daban a halin yanzu ita ce hanyar auna magudanar ruwa da aka fi amfani da ita, wacce kusan za ta iya auna magudanar ruwa-lokaci guda da ruwan karkashin tsananin zafin jiki da matsa lamba a karkashin yanayin aiki daban-daban.A cikin 1970s, wannan fasaha ta taɓa ɗaukar kashi 80% na kasuwar kasuwa.Bambancin matsi mai motsi gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi sassa biyu, na'urar tsukewa da mai watsawa.Na'urorin maƙura, faranti na gama-gari, nozzles, bututun pitot, bututun gudu iri ɗaya, da dai sauransu. Aikin na'urar tana murƙushe ruwan da ke gudana tare da yin bambanci tsakanin sama da ƙasa.Daga cikin na'urori daban-daban na maƙarƙashiya, farantin orifice shine mafi yawan amfani da shi saboda tsari mai sauƙi da sauƙin shigarwa.Koyaya, yana da ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatu akan girman sarrafawa.Muddin an sarrafa shi da shigar da shi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai da buƙatu, ana iya aiwatar da ma'aunin kwarara a cikin kewayon rashin tabbas bayan binciken ya cancanta, kuma ainihin tabbatarwar ruwa ba a buƙata.
Duk na'urorin maƙudawa suna da asarar matsi da ba za a iya murmurewa ba.Mafi girman asarar matsa lamba shine ƙwanƙwasa mai kaifi, wanda shine 25% -40% na matsakaicin bambancin kayan aiki.Rashin matsi na bututun Pitot kadan ne kuma ana iya yin watsi da shi, amma yana da matukar damuwa ga canje-canje a cikin bayanan ruwa.
Nau'in yanki mai canzawa
Wakili na yau da kullun na irin wannan nau'in na'urar motsi shine rotameter.Babban fa'idarsa ita ce kai tsaye kuma baya buƙatar wutar lantarki ta waje yayin aunawa akan rukunin yanar gizon.
Rotameters an raba zuwa gilashin rotameters da karfe tube rotameters bisa ga masana'anta da kayan.Gilashin rotor flowmeter yana da tsari mai sauƙi, matsayi na rotor yana bayyane a fili, kuma yana da sauƙin karantawa.Ana amfani dashi mafi yawa don yawan zafin jiki na al'ada, matsa lamba na al'ada, kafofin watsa labaru na gaskiya da lalata, irin su iska, gas, argon, da dai sauransu Metal tube rotameters gabaɗaya sanye take da alamomin haɗin gwiwar maganadisu, ana amfani da su a cikin matsanancin zafin jiki da yanayin matsa lamba, kuma suna iya watsa daidaitattun daidaito. sigina da za a yi amfani da su tare da masu rikodi, da sauransu, don auna magudanar ruwa.
A halin yanzu, akwai madaidaicin yanki mai motsi tare da ɗorawa mai madaidaicin kai a kasuwa.Ba shi da nau'in murɗawa da ɗakin ajiya.Yana da kewayon ma'auni na 100: 1 kuma yana da fitowar layin layi, wanda ya fi dacewa da ma'aunin tururi.
Oscillating
Vortex flowmeter shine wakilci na yau da kullun na mitoci masu gudana.Shi ne a sanya wani abu da ba shi da madaidaici a gaban gaba na ruwan, kuma ruwan ya samar da layuka guda biyu masu asymmetric vortex na yau da kullun a bayan abun.Mitar jirgin vortex yana daidai da saurin gudu.
Siffofin wannan hanyar aunawa babu sassa masu motsi a cikin bututun, maimaita karatun karatu, aminci mai kyau, tsawon rayuwar sabis, kewayon ma'auni mai faɗi mai faɗi, kusan ba shi da tasiri ta canje-canje a cikin zafin jiki, matsa lamba, yawa, danko, da dai sauransu, da ƙarancin matsa lamba. .Babban daidaito (kimanin 0.5% -1%).Its zafin jiki na aiki iya kai kan 300 ℃, da kuma aiki matsa lamba iya isa a kan 30MPa.Koyaya, rarrabuwar saurin ruwa da kwararar motsi za su shafi daidaiton auna.
Kafofin watsa labarai daban-daban na iya amfani da fasahohin fahimtar vortex daban-daban.Don tururi, ana iya amfani da diski mai girgiza ko piezoelectric crystal.Don iska, ana iya amfani da thermal ko ultrasonic.Don ruwa, kusan duk fasahar ji ana amfani da su.Kamar faranti na orifice, vortex Hakanan madaidaicin mitar kwararar titin ana ƙididdige shi ta hanyar saiti na girma.
Electromagnetic
Wannan nau'in na'ura mai motsi yana amfani da girman ƙarfin lantarki da aka haifar lokacin da motsin motsi ya gudana ta cikin filin maganadisu don gano kwararar.Saboda haka ya dace da kafofin watsa labaru kawai.A ka'ida, wannan hanya ba ta shafi yanayin zafi, matsa lamba, yawa da danko na ruwa, da kewayon rabo iya isa 100: 1, daidaito ne game da 0.5%, da zartar da bututu diamita ne daga 2mm zuwa 3m, kuma shi ne yadu. amfani da ruwa da laka, ɓangaren litattafan almara ko ma'aunin magudanar ruwa mai lalata.
Saboda raunin sigina, daElectromagnetic flowmeteryawanci 2.5-8mV ne kawai a cikakken ma'auni, kuma yawan gudu yana da ƙanƙanta, ƙananan millivolts ne kawai, wanda ke da wuyar shiga tsakani na waje.Don haka, ana buqatar gidajen watsawa, waya mai kariya, ma'aunin magudanar ruwa, da bututun da ke gefen na'urar watsawa dole ne su kasance a ƙasa kuma su saita wani wuri na daban.Kada a taɓa haɗawa da filin jama'a na motoci, kayan lantarki, da sauransu.
Nau'in Ultrasonic
Mafi yawan nau'ikan mitoci masu gudana sune Doppler kwarara mita da bambancin lokaci.Doppler ma'aunin motsi yana gano ƙimar kwarara bisa ga canji a cikin mitar raƙuman sautin da maƙasudin motsi ke nunawa a cikin ruwan da aka auna.Wannan hanya ta dace don auna yawan ruwa mai sauri.Bai dace da auna ma'aunin ruwa mai sauri ba, kuma daidaito yana da ƙasa, kuma ana buƙatar santsi na bangon ciki na bututun ya zama babba, amma kewayensa yana da sauƙi.
Matsakaicin lokaci bambance-bambancen mita yana auna ƙimar kwarara gwargwadon bambancin lokaci tsakanin yaduwa gaba da baya na ultrasonic taguwar ruwa a cikin ruwan allura.Tun da girman girman bambance-bambancen lokaci kadan ne, don tabbatar da daidaiton ma'auni, abubuwan da ake buƙata don kewayawa na lantarki suna da yawa, kuma farashin mita yana ƙaruwa daidai.Matsakaicin bambancin lokaci gabaɗaya ya dace da tsantsar ruwan laminar mai gudana tare da filin gudu iri ɗaya.Don magudanar ruwa, ana iya amfani da ma'aunin bambance-bambancen lokaci na katako.
Momentum rectangular
Wannan nau'in na'urar motsi ta dogara ne akan ka'idar kiyaye lokaci.Ruwan yana yin tasiri ga juzu'in juzu'i don yin jujjuya shi, kuma saurin juzu'in ya yi daidai da yawan gudu.Sannan yi amfani da hanyoyi kamar maganadisu, na'urorin gani, da ƙidayar injina don juyar da saurin zuwa siginar lantarki don ƙididdige ƙimar kwarara.
Turbine flowmeter shine nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in kayan aikin da aka fi amfani da shi kuma mafi inganci.Ya dace da iskar gas da kafofin watsa labarai na ruwa, amma ya ɗan bambanta a tsarin.Ga iskar gas, kusurwar da ke motsa shi karami ne kuma adadin ruwan wukake yana da girma., Daidaitaccen ma'aunin motsi na turbine zai iya kaiwa 0.2% -0.5%, kuma zai iya kaiwa 0.1% a cikin kunkuntar kewayo, kuma rabon juyawa shine 10: 1.Rashin matsi yana da ƙananan kuma juriya na matsa lamba yana da girma, amma yana da wasu buƙatu akan tsabta na ruwa, kuma yana da sauƙin tasiri da yawa da danko na ruwa.Ƙananan diamita na rami, mafi girma tasiri.Kamar farantin bango, tabbatar da cewa akwai isasshen kafin da bayan wurin shigarwa.Sashin bututu madaidaici don guje wa jujjuyawar ruwa da canza kusurwar aiki akan ruwa.
Matsuwa mai kyau
Ana auna ƙa'idar aiki na irin wannan kayan aikin bisa ga daidaitaccen motsi na ƙayyadadden adadin ruwa kowane juyi na jujjuyawar jiki.Tsarin kayan aikin ya bambanta, irin su oval gear flowmeter, rotary piston flowmeter, scraper flowmeter da sauransu.Matsakaicin na'urar motsi na oval gear yana da girma, wanda zai iya kaiwa 20: 1, kuma daidaito yana da girma, amma kayan motsi yana da sauƙi don makale ta hanyar ƙazanta a cikin ruwa.Matsakaicin kwararar naúrar na fistan mai juyawa yana da girma, amma saboda dalilai na tsari, ƙarar yabo yana da girma.Babba, rashin daidaito daidai.Ingantacciyar ma'aunin ƙaura yana da asali mai zaman kansa ba tare da dankowar ruwa ba, kuma ya dace da kafofin watsa labarai kamar maiko da ruwa, amma bai dace da kafofin watsa labarai kamar tururi da iska ba.
Kowanne daga cikin na'urorin da aka ambata a sama yana da fa'ida da rashin amfaninsa, amma ko da nau'in mita iri ɗaya ne, samfuran da masana'antun ke samarwa suna da nau'ikan wasan kwaikwayo daban-daban.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-15-2021